Resumen

Background: Current agricultural challenges (soil degradation, biodiversity loss, climate change) require interdisciplinary approaches. Ecological economics and agrosciences are key fields for addressing these issues by integrating environmental sustainability, social equity, and economic efficiency. Previous studies highlight the need for diversified agricultural practices and policies that internalize environmental costs, but gaps persist in their effective implementation. This study explores how integrating these fields can create more resilient agricultural systems. Methods: A qualitative methodology was employed, using a systematic PRISMA-guided review. A total of 187 documents (136 research articles, 38 institutional reports, 13 reviews) from databases such as Scopus and WoS (2000 2024) were analyzed. Specific search equations and Vantage Point software were used for data mining. Analytical categories (ecological economics, agrosciences) and emerging themes (biodiversity loss, soil degradation) were identified. Results: Key findings include: (1) Agricultural landscape simplification reduces biodiversity, necessitating practices such as agroforestry and crop rotation. (2) Soil degradation requires sustainable management (e.g., conservation agriculture). (3) Integrating ecological economics principles into policies can reduce dependence on external inputs and promote equity. Conclusions: The synergy between ecological economics and agrosciences is crucial for designing sustainable agricultural systems. The findings emphasize the need for policies that incentivize regenerative practices and value ecosystem services, providing a framework for future research and action in food security and environmental justice.

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