Resumen

This article examines the global rise of neofascism as an adaptive mode of governance within the neoliberal order through a philosophical and critical reconstruction. Drawing on genealogical and hermeneutic perspectives, it argues that what we are witnessing is not the breakdown of democracy but its ethical depletion. This process unfolds through three interrelated mechanisms: necropolitics as the management of death, biopolitics as the differential regulation of bodies, and neoliberalism as a regime of authoritarian subject formation. Using Van Dijk’s (2015) framework for critical discourse analysis, the study explores how punitive subjectivities are constructed in contemporary political discourse. By analyzing emblematic cases from Israel, the United States, Latin America, and Europe, it reveals how otherness has been displaced by calculation, exclusion, and the institutional normalization of cruelty. The article concludes by calling for a renewed sense of community grounded in the value of every life and for a radical reimagining of the critical university as an ethical stronghold against normalized forms of extermination.

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